If your child suddenly develops a fever, mouth sores, and a rash on their hands or feet, it may be hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). This is a common and highly contagious viral infection that mainly affects children under age 5.
Here’s what to know about symptoms, treatment, and when to call a doctor.
What Causes Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
HFMD is caused by viruses, most commonly coxsackievirus A16.
It spreads through:
- Saliva, mucus, or nasal discharge
- Fluid from blisters or contact with stool
- Coughing, sneezing, or shared toys and surfaces
Young children are more likely to get HFMD because they frequently touch their faces and share items. Outbreaks are common in daycare centers, preschools, and other group settings.
Symptoms of HFMD in Children
Symptoms usually appear 3 to 6 days after exposure.
Common symptoms include:
- Fever (often the first sign)
- Painful blisters in the mouth, tongue, or throat
- Rash or red spots on the hands, feet, buttocks, or diaper area
- Sore throat and painful swallowing
- Irritability and reduced appetite
- Fatigue or increased sleepiness
Some children may also have vomiting or diarrhea.
Blisters typically last 7 to 10 days, and most children recover without complications.
How Long Is HFMD Contagious?
HFMD is most contagious during the first week of illness, but the virus can remain in the body for days or weeks after symptoms improve.
To reduce spread:
- Keep your child home until fever is gone and sores are healing
- Encourage frequent handwashing
- Clean shared toys and surfaces daily
How to Care for Your Child at Home
There is no cure for HFMD, but symptoms can be managed with supportive care.
Focus on hydration
- Offer water, milk, popsicles, or smoothies
- Avoid acidic drinks like juice or soda
Manage pain and fever
- Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen as directed
- Avoid aspirin in children
Choose soft foods
- Yogurt, applesauce, mashed foods
- Avoid spicy, hot, or citrus foods
Soothe skin and blisters
- Keep skin clean and dry
- Use gentle ointments if needed
Encourage rest
- Sleep helps the body recover
When to Call a Doctor
Contact your child’s provider if:
- Your child is not drinking enough fluids
- There are signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no tears, fewer wet diapers)
- Fever lasts more than 3 days
- Symptoms worsen or do not improve
- You are unsure if it is HFMD or another condition
HFMD can sometimes be confused with other illnesses such as chickenpox, strep throat, or viral rashes, especially early on.
Pediatric Care You Can Count On
At BASS Medical Group, our pediatricians and primary care providers help families manage common childhood illnesses, including HFMD. If your child has symptoms, we can evaluate them and guide next steps.
Serving families throughout Walnut Creek, Oakland, and the Bay Area.
Find a pediatric provider or request an appointment to get started.
