Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a common digestive condition characterized by loose or watery stools. It can be short-term (acute) or ongoing (chronic), depending on the cause. While most cases resolve on their own, diarrhea can lead to dehydration if not managed properly.
Quick Facts
- Often caused by infections, diet, or digestive conditions
- Most cases resolve within a few days
- Can lead to dehydration, especially in children and older adults
- Chronic diarrhea may signal an underlying condition
- Staying hydrated is key to recovery
Symptoms
Common symptoms of diarrhea include:
- Loose or watery stools
- Frequent bowel movements
- Abdominal cramping
Some people may also experience bloating, nausea, urgency, or mild fever. Diarrhea can sometimes be associated with conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or gastrointestinal infections.
Causes
Diarrhea can result from a variety of factors affecting the digestive system.
Common causes include:
- Viral or bacterial infections
- Food poisoning
- Food intolerance or dietary triggers
- Medications such as antibiotics
- Digestive conditions like IBS and Crohn's
- Anxiety (due to the 'gut-brain connection')
Risk Factors
You may be at higher risk if you:
- Have recently traveled
- Consume contaminated food or water
- Have a sensitive digestive system
- Have underlying gastrointestinal conditions
Treatments
Treatment depends on the cause and severity of symptoms.
For most cases, staying hydrated is the most important step. Oral fluids, electrolyte solutions, and a temporary bland diet can help manage symptoms.
Over-the-counter medications may help reduce frequency, while treatment of underlying conditions is important for chronic diarrhea.
When to Seek Care
Seek medical care if diarrhea lasts more than a few days, is severe, or is accompanied by dehydration, high fever, or blood in the stool. If symptoms continue even after treatment, you may be referred to a specialist such as a gastroenterologist.
