Acid Reflux (GERD)

• GERD is a chronic form of acid reflux
• Symptoms often worsen after eating or when lying down
• Can affect people of all ages
• Lifestyle changes and medications are often effective
• Untreated GERD may lead to esophageal damage over time

Common symptoms of acid reflux and GERD include:

• Heartburn or burning chest discomfort
• Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
• Metallic taste in mouth
• Difficulty swallowing
• Chest pain not related to the heart
• Bloating
• Chronic cough or throat irritation
• Hoarseness or a sensation of a lump in the throat

Acid reflux occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) weakens or relaxes inappropriately, allowing stomach contents to move upward. Causes may include:

• Weak or dysfunctional lower esophageal sphincter
• Overeating or lying down soon after meals
• Obesity or increased abdominal pressure
• Hiatal hernia
• Certain foods, beverages, or medications

You may be at higher risk for acid reflux or GERD if you:

• Are overweight or obese
• Smoke or use tobacco products
• Consume trigger foods or beverages regularly
• Are pregnant
• Have certain digestive or connective tissue disorders

Treatment for acid reflux and GERD depends on severity and may include:

• Lifestyle and dietary changes
• Antacids or acid-reducing medications
• Prescription medications to reduce stomach acid
• Weight management strategies
• Surgical or minimally invasive procedures for severe or persistent cases

See a doctor if you experience frequent heartburn, symptoms that interfere with sleep or daily life, difficulty swallowing, or symptoms that persist despite over-the-counter treatment.