Hernias

• Hernias are common and can affect people of all ages
• They often develop in the abdomen or groin
• Some hernias cause no symptoms initially
• Hernias do not heal on their own
• Surgical repair is the only definitive treatment

Hernia symptoms vary by type and severity and may include:

• A visible bulge, especially when standing or straining
• Pain or discomfort at the site of the bulge
• Pressure or heaviness in the abdomen or groin
• Burning or aching sensation
• Worsening pain with lifting, coughing, or bending
• Nausea or vomiting in severe cases

Hernias develop when pressure pushes tissue through a weakened area of muscle or connective tissue.

Common causes and contributing factors include:

• Muscle weakness present at birth
• Heavy lifting or straining
• Chronic coughing or constipation
• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Previous surgery or injury

You may be at higher risk for hernias if you:

• Perform heavy physical labor
• Have chronic coughing or constipation
• Are overweight or obese
• Are pregnant
• Have a family history of hernias
• Have had prior abdominal surgery

Treatment depends on the type of hernia and severity of symptoms and may include:

• Watchful waiting for small, asymptomatic hernias
• Lifestyle changes to reduce strain
• Surgical repair, including open or minimally invasive techniques
• Emergency surgery for complicated or trapped hernias

Surgery is the only definitive way to repair a hernia. Untreated hernias may lead to complications like strangulation or obstruction. Visit our hernia surgery website.