Ingrown Toenail
An ingrown toenail occurs when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness, and sometimes infection. It most commonly affects the big toe.
Quick Facts
- Most often affects the big toe
- Commonly caused by improper nail trimming
- Can lead to infection if untreated
- Often manageable with simple care
- More common in people who wear tight shoes
Symptoms
Common symptoms include:
- Pain along the edge of the toenail
- Redness and swelling
- Tenderness when touched
In more severe cases, there may be drainage or signs of infection. Ingrown toenails can sometimes be confused with skin infections or fungal conditions.
Causes
Ingrown toenails develop when pressure or improper growth causes the nail to dig into the skin.
Common causes include:
- Cutting nails too short or at an angle
- Wearing tight shoes
- Injury to the toe
- Repeated pressure from activities
Risk Factors
You may be at higher risk if you:
- Wear tight or ill-fitting shoes
- Trim nails improperly
- Participate in activities that stress the toes
- Have thick or curved nails
Treatments
Mild cases may improve with home care, including soaking the foot, keeping the area clean, and reducing pressure.
More persistent or painful cases may require medical treatment, including partial removal of the nail or treatment of infection.
When to Seek Care
See a provider if pain is severe, the area is infected, or symptoms do not improve. People with diabetes should seek care early to avoid complications.
