Dementia

• Memory loss that disrupts daily activities
• Difficulty communicating or finding words
• Trouble with problem-solving or planning
• Confusion about time or place
• Poor judgment or decision-making
• Personality changes or withdrawal from social activities

• Alzheimer's disease (most common cause)
• Stroke or reduced blood flow to the brain (vascular dementia)
• Parkinson’s disease or Lewy body buildup
• Head injury or traumatic brain injury (TBI)
• Chronic alcohol use
• Vitamin deficiencies or thyroid problems (sometimes reversible)

• Medications: Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine can help slow symptoms in some types of dementia
• Supportive therapies: Cognitive stimulation therapy, occupational therapy
• Lifestyle changes: Routine, exercise, nutrition, and structured environments
• Caregiver support: Education, respite care, and advanced care planning

While there’s no cure for most types of dementia, early diagnosis and supportive care can greatly improve quality of life.