What Causes Memory Loss?

Old man having trouble with a puzzle, representing memory loss and cognitive issues.

Memory loss refers to unusual forgetfulness or difficulty recalling information, events, or tasks. While occasional lapses are normal with aging, persistent or worsening memory issues may signal an underlying condition like dementia, stroke-related cognitive changes, or medication side effects. Early evaluation can help uncover treatable causes and improve quality of life.

Quick Facts

Forgetting names, appointments, or conversations

Repeating questions or stories

Difficulty following instructions or directions

Misplacing items or getting lost in familiar places

Trouble with decision-making or problem-solving

Dementia or Alzheimer’s disease

Stroke or vascular dementia

Medication side effects

Depression or anxiety

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Sleep disorders

Head trauma

Thyroid dysfunction

Cognitive evaluation and imaging to determine cause

Medication management if drugs are contributing

Lifestyle changes: sleep, exercise, diet, and social engagement

Specialist care for dementia or neurological conditions

Supportive therapies: memory aids, occupational therapy, caregiver education

Specialties That Treat This Condition

Neurologist reviewing a specimen under a microscope with MRI brain scans beside her.

Neurology

Geriatrician shaking hands with his elderly patient in a wheelchair.

Geriatrics

An internist checking a patient's blood pressure as part of their annual preventative care.

Internal Medicine

What To Do Next?

If symptoms persist or interfere with daily life, a healthcare provider can help evaluate the cause and discuss appropriate next steps.

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is provided for general educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Conditions and treatment options vary by individual. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider regarding symptoms or medical concerns.