What is COVID-19?
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COVID-19 is a viral infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, first identified in 2019. While many people experience mild or moderate symptoms, others—particularly older adults or those with chronic conditions—may face life-threatening complications such as pneumonia, blood clots, or organ failure. Even after recovery, some individuals experience long COVID, with symptoms lingering for weeks or months.
Quick Facts
Symptoms usually appear 2–14 days after exposure and may include:
- Fever or chills
- Cough or sore throat
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Loss of taste or smell
- Fatigue
- Body aches or headache
- Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
- Nasal congestion or runny nose
COVID-19 spreads primarily through:
- Respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking
- Contact with contaminated surfaces followed by touching the face
- Airborne particles in poorly ventilated spaces
Risk factors include being unvaccinated, having a weakened immune system, or frequent exposure in crowded or indoor environments.
Treatment depends on symptom severity:
- Antiviral Medications: Drugs like Paxlovid or Remdesivir can reduce symptom severity and duration if started early.
- Supportive Care: Includes fluids, rest, fever reducers (like acetaminophen), and monitoring oxygen levels at home or in a hospital.
- Monoclonal Antibodies: Used for high-risk individuals to prevent progression of severe illness (availability may vary).
- Hospitalization: Required for those with low oxygen levels, pneumonia, or complications. May include oxygen therapy or ventilator support.
Specialties That Treat This Condition
What To Do Next?
If symptoms persist or interfere with daily life, a healthcare provider can help evaluate the cause and discuss appropriate next steps.
Medical Disclaimer: This content is provided for general educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Conditions and treatment options vary by individual. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider regarding symptoms or medical concerns.