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Mononucleosis — commonly known as mono — is a contagious viral illness that mostly affects teens and young adults, but anyone can get it. Most cases are caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), which spreads through saliva and other body fluids.
Because of this, mono is often called the “kissing disease”, but kissing isn’t the only way it spreads. Here’s what you need to know about how mono is transmitted, how long it’s contagious, and what recovery looks like.
How Is Mono Spread?
Mono is contagious and spreads through saliva, respiratory droplets, and close personal contact. You can catch mono by:
- Kissing
- Coughing or sneezing near others
- Sharing drinks, utensils, or food
- Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your mouth or face
Even people without symptoms can still carry and transmit EBV, making mono harder to avoid.
How Long Is Mono Contagious?
- Most contagious while you have symptoms (2–4 weeks).
- The virus can remain in your system for months after symptoms subside.
- EBV stays dormant for life and can occasionally reactivate — meaning you could spread it without realizing.
Can Mono Be Spread Through the Air?
Yes. While kissing is a common cause, airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing can also spread mono.
- Close indoor contact increases risk.
- Shared objects (toothbrushes, bottles) may transmit EBV.
- Children and teens in schools or colleges are especially vulnerable.
Common Symptoms of Mono
Symptoms usually appear 4–6 weeks after exposure.
- Extreme fatigue
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Loss of appetite
- Swollen lymph nodes (neck, armpits, groin)
- Muscle aches or weakness
- Enlarged spleen or liver
- Skin rash
If you experience sharp pain in the upper left abdomen, seek immediate medical attention — this could signal a ruptured spleen, a rare but serious complication.
How to Treat Mono
There’s no cure or vaccine for mono. Treatment focuses on symptom relief:
- Rest: Give your body time to recover.
- Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids.
- Pain Relief: Ibuprofen (Advil®) or acetaminophen (Tylenol®).
- Sore Throat Relief: Lozenges, warm saltwater gargles, throat sprays.
- Avoid Strenuous Activities: No contact sports or intense workouts for 4+ weeks if your spleen is enlarged.
Can You Prevent Mono?
While there’s no vaccine, you can lower your risk:
- Don’t share drinks, food, or utensils.
- Avoid kissing or close contact with someone showing symptoms.
- Wash your hands often.
- Stay home when sick to reduce spread.
When to See a Doctor
Call your provider if you have mono and experience:
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Severe abdominal pain
- Fainting or dizziness
- High fever lasting more than a few days
- Weakness in arms or legs
Get Expert Mono Care at BASS Medical Group
If you suspect mono, the Primary Care Providers & Infectious Disease Specialists at BASS Medical Group are here to help. We offer:
- Expert diagnosis and testing
- Symptom relief strategies
- Follow-up care across Walnut Creek, Oakland, and the Bay Area
Request an appointment today and get back on the path to feeling better.
FAQ
Is mono contagious through the air?
Yes, mono can spread through airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing, not just kissing.
How long is mono contagious?
Most people are contagious for 2–4 weeks during symptoms, but the virus may stay in your system for months.
Can you get mono twice?
While rare, EBV can reactivate, so you may experience symptoms again even years later.
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