Measles
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can cause fever, cough, and a characteristic rash, and may lead to serious complications, especially in young children and unvaccinated individuals.
Quick Facts
- Measles spreads easily through respiratory droplets
- It can remain in the air for up to two hours after exposure
- Symptoms often begin 7 to 14 days after infection
- The MMR vaccine provides strong protection against measles
- Outbreaks can still occur in communities with low vaccination rates
Symptoms
Common symptoms of measles include:
- High fever
- Cough, runny nose, and red eyes
- Rash that typically starts on the face and spreads downward
Other symptoms may include pneumonia, fatigue, sore throat, or small white spots inside the mouth (Koplik spots).
Causes
Measles is caused by the measles virus and spreads through:
- Coughing or sneezing
- Close contact with an infected person
- Airborne exposure in shared spaces
Risk Factors
You may be at higher risk if you:
- Are not vaccinated with the MMR vaccine
- Travel to areas with active outbreaks
- Have a weakened immune system
- Live or work in close-contact environments
Treatments
There is no specific antiviral treatment for measles. Care focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications.
Common treatment approaches include:
- Rest and hydration
- Fever management
- Monitoring for complications
When to Seek Care
Seek medical care if you develop symptoms of measles, especially if you have been exposed to someone with the infection. Immediate care is important for high fever, difficulty breathing, or signs of complications.
