Mastectomy: What to Expect During a Breast Reconstruction Surgery

Undergoing a mastectomy with breast reconstruction is a major decision, whether due to breast cancer treatment or preventive measures. Understanding what to expect before, during, and after surgery can help you feel more prepared for the journey ahead.

Understanding Mastectomy: What You Should Know

A mastectomy is the surgical removal of one or both breasts, either partially or completely. More than 100,000 women in the U.S. undergo some form of mastectomy each year. Before surgery, you will have several pre-operative appointments to discuss the procedure and your options. Many doctors also recommend attending support groups or counseling to help with the emotional aspects of the journey.

The Day of Surgery: What Happens During a Mastectomy?

Before Surgery

• Your surgeon may mark incision areas on your breast using a felt-tip marker while you are sitting up to align with natural contours.
• A support person (family member or close friend) is highly recommended for emotional and logistical support.

During Surgery

• A mastectomy typically takes 2–3 hours. If breast reconstruction is performed simultaneously, surgery time will be longer.
• The incision is usually oval-shaped around the nipple, but this may vary based on the type of mastectomy.
• The surgeon removes all breast tissue, which extends from the collarbone to the ribs and from the side of the body to the breastbone.
• If reconstruction is planned at the same time, a plastic surgeon will begin the reconstruction process after the breast tissue is removed.
• Surgical drains are placed to prevent fluid buildup in the chest area. These are small tubes inserted near the surgical site.
• Once complete, the incision is closed with stitches, and the chest is wrapped in bandages for protection.

Recovery After Mastectomy & Reconstruction

• Immediate Post-Surgery: Expect soreness, fatigue, and limited mobility. The first few days after surgery will require rest and pain management.
• Drain Care: Drains placed during surgery help remove excess fluid. Your doctor will provide instructions on how to care for them, and they will typically be removed within 1–2 weeks.
• Returning to Normal Activities: Many patients can resume light activities after a few weeks, but full recovery can take several months. Your doctor will advise you on when it is safe to return to work, exercise, and other daily activities.
• Emotional Adjustment: Seeing your body post-surgery can be emotionally challenging. Ongoing support groups, counseling, or connecting with other mastectomy patients can help with the adjustment.

What Type of Doctor Should You See?

Depending on your specific needs, different specialists may be involved in your mastectomy and breast reconstruction journey:

• Breast Surgeon – Specializes in performing the mastectomy procedure and works alongside plastic surgeons for reconstruction.
• Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeon – Handles breast reconstruction to restore breast shape using implants or natural tissue.
• Medical Oncologist – Oversees breast cancer treatment, including chemotherapy or hormone therapy before or after surgery.
• Radiation Oncologist – If radiation therapy is needed, a radiation oncologist ensures that treatment is coordinated with surgical recovery.
• Primary Care Provider (PCP) – Helps monitor your overall health before and after surgery, ensuring you stay on track with recovery.
• Physical Therapist – Assists with post-mastectomy exercises to restore mobility, reduce swelling, and improve strength.
• Mental Health Counselor or Support Groups – Provides emotional and psychological support to help patients adjust to body changes and cope with the emotional impact of surgery.

Comprehensive Breast Cancer & Mastectomy Care at BASS Medical Group

At BASS Medical Group, our breast surgeons, plastic surgeons, oncologists, and support specialists are committed to guiding you through mastectomy, breast reconstruction, and recovery. We provide personalized care and support every step of the way.

Schedule a consultation today to discuss your treatment options and recovery plan with our expert team.